Mode-Dependent Loss and Gain: Statistics and Effect on Mode-Division Multiplexing

摘要

In multimode fiber transmission systems, mode-dependent loss and gain(collectively referred to as MDL) pose fundamental performance limitations. Inthe regime of strong mode coupling, the statistics of MDL (expressed indecibels or log power gain units) can be described by the eigenvaluedistribution of zero-trace Gaussian unitary ensemble in the small-MDL regionthat is expected to be of interest for practical long-haul transmission.Information-theoretic channel capacities of mode-division-multiplexed systemsin the presence of MDL are studied, including average and outage capacities,with and without channel state information.